The need to make financial inclusion have digital presence, calls for urgent dedicated investment towards mopping-up the excluded urban artisans with mobile phone access, writes REMMY NWEKE.
Preamble:
At almost every two street corners in
the Lagos Mainland, there is a hotspot for curd beans also known as Akara
joints or hot Akara spot and at times some will extend these joints to
accommodate quick meal zones offering pap (Akanmu in local parlance) and beans.
At every of these Akara hotspots money is exchanged on daily basis, but the
question remains what is the plan for digital and financial inclusion for
artisans in urban areas as Nigeria continues to introduce one policy or another
towards closing economic gaps.
An artisan, defined by Cambridgelexicon, is a worker in a skilled trade, especially one that involves making
things by hand, who often have their wares displayed on the streets including
handwoven textiles, painted ceramics, and leather goods. Locally, such
craftsperson or skilled worker includes mechanic, technician, welder, plumber,
vulcaniser, akara hotspot operator, aboki shoe-maker and duwaduwa or obioma tailor,
to name a few.
From Ajegunle to Ilasamaja down to
Oshodi, Iyana Ipaja, Orile to Okokomiako, Akara hotspots for instance, are seen
mostly in early mornings and evenings with a cluster of people seeking to buy.
In fact, at Abayomi Junction at Mafoluku, a suburb of Lagos mainland in Lagos
State, Mrs. Roseline Onoja, popular known as ‘Mama Oshe’ has structured hers
into frying akara, plaintain, potatoes and fishes to go with as a delicacy in
the last 14 years.
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| Mrs Rose Onoja, Mama Oshe showcasing |
And due to the time of operation which is from evening into
the night and at times very early hours of the morning like 1am. She has not
thought of banking as priority, although she managed to have a bank account, but
immediate ploughing back her incomes of the day into the trade to ensure the
availability of her raw material. The rest is usually spent on the family
upkeeps, even, as she does not have or use any existing mobile financial
services including Automated Teller Machine (ATM) or via her mobile phone.
So, do we as a country have a digital
and financial inclusion plan for her likes of artisans? As gathered by
ITREALMS, even those she buys her raw materials from like the beans seller,
grinder, transporter, plantain seller, pepper seller and her fish suppliers;
still very much yearn and demand cash on transaction on daily basis.
The unfortunate aspect is that all
those involved in her chain of business are city dwellers who own a Global
System for Mobile Communication (GSM) phone or two for calls basically, thus
underutilizing their mobile phone at this time.
Between
digital and financial inclusion:
As depicted by Digital Inclusion Survey
developed by the Institute of
Museum and Library Services, the University of Washington, and the
International City/County Management Association, digital inclusion has three
aspects comprising access, adoption and application. Access by way of
availability and affordability, design for inclusion and public access;
adoption by being relevance, digital literacy and consumer safety; and
application by the economic and workforce development, education, healthcare,
public safety and emergency services, civic engagement and social connections.
The World Bank Group has described financial inclusion as
meaning that individuals and businesses have access to useful and affordable
financial products and services that meet their needs for transactions,
payments, savings, credit and insurance delivered in a responsible and
sustainable way.
Although
a good number of artisans may have 99 per cent access to digital inclusion via
the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), the same cannot be said of
the financial inclusion. According to the Nigerian Communications Commission
(NCC), the telecom industry has a reach of 86 per cent of the country’s 162.3
million telecom subscribers and is the single largest customer-base of any
industry in Nigeria.
MNOs ready for digital financial
inclusion, targets 90m subscribers:
The
Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) under the aegis of the Association of LicensedTelecommunication Operators of Nigeria (ALTON), expressed readiness to mobilize
for digital financial inclusion, targeting some 90m subscribers within 30
months as far as there is a level playing ground.
Nigeria,
ITREALMS reports had in 2009 witnessed its first mobile money licensee and
currently has over 22 mobile money operators as at the time of this report,
despite what industry observers termed slow uptake in the bid to achieve
Nigeria’s target of 20 per cent financial inclusion in less than two years,
that is, by December 31, 2020; just as telcos currently are excluded from
accessing mobile money licences, which lacks the enabling environment for
all.
Arising
from a session at the Pan African University under its Lagos Business School
(LBS) programme, ALTON maintained that it has the capacity to soar up the mobile
financial inclusion to 90m if given the level playing ground.
Speaking
at the session facilitated by the Academic Director and Senior Fellow at Lagos
Business School, Dr. Yinka David-West, noted that far beyond financial
inclusion rates in Nigeria, they have to examine how people currently access
financial services when evaluated against the criteria for true financial
inclusion, that is, access to a full suite of quality financial services,
provided at affordable prices, in a convenient manner.
“When
evaluated against this definition, it is clear that as a country, we have to
work, not just to drastically increase the number of financially included
persons, but also to increase the quality of inclusion and access we give,
especially if we hope to positively impact the economy and the quality of the
lives of Nigerians in any meaningful way,” she said.
Putting 5 cards on the table:
Putting
ALTON’s card on the table, its chairman, Engr. Gbenga Adebayo, recongised the
fact the group is the largest investors in telecoms in the country, and came
together to deliver a concrete commitment to Nigeria; a promise to materially improve
digital financial inclusion rates and to deliver access to financial services
to 90 million customers over the next 30 months:
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- By the 6th
month, we commit to bringing access to financial services to 15 million
customers, serviced by 100,000 agents.
- By the 12th
month, we commit to bringing access to financial services to 35 million
Nigerians serviced by 250,000 agents.
- By the 24th
month, we commit to bringing access to financial services to 70 million
Nigerians, serviced by 600,000 agents.
- By the 30th
month deadline we have given ourselves, we commit to bringing access to
financial services to 90 million customers, also serviced by 600,000
agents.
- We also
commit to deepening financial literacy across the country through a
financial inclusion secretariat within the Association of Licensed
Telecommunications Operators of Nigeria (ALTON).
"According
to Mckinsey, as a direct result of increasing financial inclusion rates,
Nigeria could realise as much as a 12.4 per cent boost in Gross Domestic
Product (GDP), the creation of 3 million new jobs, $2 billion reduction in
government leakages and $57 billion in new credit for small and medium scale
enterprises over a four-year period," he said.
ALTON
further anticipated that the intervention will give customers access to a
variety of affordable financial products and services, in addition to
delivering 1,000,000 direct jobs and other benefits identified by the McKinsey
report.
Aside
opening up the digital financial services sector, Adebayo said, this
could be the basis for transformative change in the structure and
sustainability of growth in the Nigerian economy, and acknowledging the
concrete commitments the industry has made towards delivering access to
financial services as well as their dedication to financial literacy which
while vital, cannot happen in isolation of the telcos. He stressed that this
integrated approach, if allowed to, will deliver long term solutions and
tangible impact.
Conclusion:
There
is no doubt that the telecommunications industry recognised that with an issue
as critical as digital financial inclusion, it is important to focus on
sustainable solutions, which requires inclusivity and collaboration of varied
solutions providers in order to achieve real results.
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| CBN Governor, Godwin Emefiele |
Worthy
of note is that telcos have the capabilities, technology, infrastructure,
distribution network and subscriber base that could quickly be leveraged to
provide these solutions.
The
industry players have a combined presence in 773 local government areas across
the country, which further emphasises ALTON ability to reach, especially
hard-to-reach areas, including rural part of the country in a bid to deepen
access to digital financial services.
Accompanying
this is the fact that ALTON has estimated 1,000,000 unique agents already in
place selling airtime across the country, creating a strong distribution
network that can quickly be converted to established mobile money agent
networks.
Therefore,
its high time the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) rethinks its policies on mobile
money and financial inclusion to ensure that Nigeria leverages the
telecommunication layout of existing infrastructure to bring more number of the
populace into the digital financial inclusion, particularly a dedicated investment
efforts at mopping up the remains of urban dwellers as far as the inclusive
agenda is concerned.
Only
then will the financial inclusion make a digital sense!
Pix: CBN Gov. Godwin Emefiele, Mrs Rose Onoja (Mama Oshe) and ALTON chairman, Engr. Gbenga Adebayo.
